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Socratic dialogue () is a genre of prose literary works developed in Greece at the turn of the fourth century BCE, preserved today in the dialogues of Plato and the Socratic works of Xenophon. Characters discuss moral and philosophical problems, illustrating a version of the Socratic method. The dialogues are either dramatic or narrative, and Socrates is often the main character. ==Platonic dialogues== Most of the Socratic dialogues referred to today are those of Plato. Platonic dialogues defined the literary genre subsequent philosophers used. Plato wrote approximately 30 dialogues, in most of which Socrates is the main character. Strictly speaking, the term refers to works in which Socrates is a character. As a genre, however, other texts are included; Plato's ''Laws'' and Xenophon's ''Hiero'' are Socratic dialogues in which a wise man other than Socrates leads the discussion (the Athenian Stranger and Simonides, respectively). The protagonist of each dialogue, both in Plato's and Xenophon's work, usually is Socrates who by means of a kind of interrogation tries to find out more about the other person's understanding of moral issues. In the dialogues Socrates presents himself as a simple man who confesses that he has little knowledge. With this ironic approach he manages to confuse the other who boasts that he is an expert in the domain they discuss. The outcome of the dialogue is that Socrates demonstrates that the other person's views are inconsistent. In this way Socrates tries to show the way to real wisdom. One of his most famous statements in that regard is "The unexamined life is not worth living." This philosophical questioning is known as the Socratic method. In some dialogues Plato's main character is not Socrates but someone from outside of Athens. In Xenophon's ''Hiero'' a certain ''Simonides'' plays this role when Socrates is not the protagonist. Generally, the works which are most often assigned to Plato's early years are all considered to be Socratic dialogues (written from 399 to 387). Many of his Middle dialogues (written from 387 to 361, after the establishment of his Academy), and Later dialogues (written in the period between 361 and his death in 347) incorporate Socrates' character and are often included here as well.〔Plato & Socrates, The Relationship Between Socrates and Plato, (www.umkc.edu )〕 However, this interpretation of the corpus is not universally accepted. The time that Plato began to write his works and the date of composition of his last work are not known and what adds to the complexity is that even the ancient sources do not know the order of the works or the dialogues. * ''First Alcibiades'' * ''Second Alcibiades'' * ''Apology'' * ''Charmides'' * ''Clitophon'' * ''Cratylus'' * ''Critias'' * ''Crito'' * ''Epinomis'' * ''Euthydemus'' * ''Euthyphro'' * ''Gorgias'' * ''Hippias Major'' * ''Hippias Minor'' * ''Ion'' * ''Laches'' * ''Lysis'' * ''Meno'' * ''Parmenides'' * ''Protagoras'' * ''Phaedo'' * ''Phaedrus'' * ''Philebus'' * ''Republic'' * ''Sophist'' * ''Statesman'' * ''Symposium'' * ''Theaetetus'' * ''Timaeus'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Socratic dialogue」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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